API 100-1-2020 pdf download Hydraulic Fracturing—Well Integrity and Fracture Containment
3.1.19
liner
A liner is a casing string that does not extend to the top of the well or to the wellhead
NOTEThe liner can be fitted with special components so that it can be connected or tied back to the surface at a later
time.
3,1.20
liner hanger
A device used to attach a liner to the internal wall of a previously set casing string or liner.
NOTE Conventional liner hangers are connected to the last casing (i.e. hanger) by seting slips that grip against theinner wall of the previously set casing string. Expandable liner hangers are attached by expansion of the hanger againstthe inner wal of the previously set casing string.
3,1.21
mechanical barrierA subset of physical barriers that consists of mechanical component(s).
NOTESet cement or a hydrostatic fluid column are not considered mechanical barriers
3.1.22
orphaned well
A well that is inactive and where no responsible or liable party has been identified
3,1.23
packerA device that can be run into a wellbore with a smaller initial outside diameter that then expands externally toseal the wellbore.
3.1.24
Poisson’s ratioThe ratio of the proportional decrease in a lateral measurement to the proportional increase in length in asample of material that is elastically stretched.
3.1.25
pressure-relief system
The components including valves, piping, and stacks that protect equipment from overpressure conditions
during operations.
3,1,26
production casing
The innermost casing or casing and liner that is designed to withstand completion and production loads
3,1.27
production liner
A liner that is set through the productive interval
3.1.28
production tubingThe tubing that is run inside the production casing and used to convey produced fluids from thehydrocarbon-bearing formation to the surface.
NOTE Tubing can also be used for injection.
3,1.29
risk assessmentThe determination of quantitative and qualitative (or both) value of risk related to a situation that has arecognized hazard.
3,1.30
shoe track
The joint or joints of casing at the bottom of the casing string, generally between a guide shoe or float shoeand a float collar, from which cement is not displaced in order to improve the quality of the cement in theannulus immediately outside the bottom of the casing.
3.1.31
surface casingThe casing run to isolate shallow formations and designed to meet the necessary regulatory requirements forisolating useable quality groundwater.
3.1.32
tieback casingThe casing that can be run from a liner hanger back to the wellhead after the initial liner and hanger systemhave been installed.
3.1.33
top job
A cement placement operation performed from the surface by top filling the annulus from surface.
3.1.34
tubulars
General term that includes drill pipe, casing, or tubing.
3.1.35
useable quality groundwater
Subsurface water suitable for consumption by humans or animals with or without treatment.
NOTEThe intent of this term is to define water that is protected by regulation.
3.1.36
well integrity
The quality or condition of a well in being structurally sound with competent pressure seals (barriers) byapplication of technical,operational, and organizational solutions that reduce the risk of unintendedsubsurface movement or uncontrolled release of formation fluid.
3.1.37
workstring
The string of tubulars used to perform service work or to convey stimulation treatment.
3.1.38
Young’s modulus
A measure of elasticity, equal to the ratio of the stress acting on a substance to the strain produced

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